BOOKS OF EXEGESIS AND THEIR SPECIALITIES

**Introduction to a Compilation of Tafseer (Quranic Exegesis) Books and Their
Specializations**

This compilation of * Tafseer * (Quranic exegesis) works and their distinctive approaches
was prepared under the guidance of my esteemed teacher, mentor, and spiritual guide,
**الأستاذ شكري عبد الواحد التونسي (Al-Ustadh Shukri Abdul Wahid At-Tunisi)**,Taught at Madrasa Abdullah Ibn Abaas,Karachi Pakistan in the year 2007.

May **Allāh, the Almighty**, safeguard and sustain him, granting us the continued
blessing of his wisdom and instruction throughout our lives. May this endeavor become
a perpetual charity (*Sadaqah Jāriyah*) for him and for myself, and may it yield benefit
for all its readers—until that fateful Day when we shall all stand in the presence of our
Sovereign Lord, **Allāh ‘Azza wa Jal**, to answer for our earthly deeds.

"جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن"

Tafsir al-Tabari, also known as "Jami' al-Bayan 'an Ta'wil ayi al-Qur'an," is one of the most famous and comprehensive classical commentaries (tafsir) on the Quran. It was written by the Persian scholar Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (839–923 CE), who was a prominent historian, exegete, and jurist of the Islamic Golden Age.

Key Features of Tafsir al-Tabari:

1. Comprehensive Coverage : Al-Tabari's tafsir is renowned for its exhaustive analysis of the Quranic text. It covers linguistic, historical, legal, and theological aspects of the Quran.

2. Use of Hadith and Narrations : Al-Tabari relied heavily on Hadith (sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad) and reports from the Companions (Sahaba) and their successors (Tabi'un) to explain the verses. He often provided multiple interpretations and cited chains of narrators (isnad) to support his explanations.

3. Linguistic Analysis : The tafsir includes detailed discussions of Arabic grammar, syntax, and etymology, helping readers understand the nuances of the Quranic language.

4. Historical Context : Al-Tabari provided historical context for many verses, explaining the circumstances of revelation (Asbab al-nuzul) and linking Quranic stories to broader historical events.

5. Comparative Analysis : He often presented differing opinions from early scholars and evaluated their arguments, making his work a valuable resource for understanding the diversity of early Islamic thought.

6. Legal and Theological Insights : Al-Tabari included discussions on Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and theology (aqidah), offering insights into how Quranic verses were interpreted in these fields.

Structure of the Tafsir:

- The tafsir is organized verse by verse, with al-Tabari providing explanations for each verse in sequence.

- He often begins with the literal meaning of the verse, followed by interpretations from early scholars, and concludes with his own analysis or preference among the opinions.

Importance and Influence:

- Tafsir al-Tabari is considered a foundational work in the field of Quranic exegesis. It has influenced countless later scholars and remains a primary reference for understanding the Quran.

- Its reliance on early sources makes it a critical text for studying the development of Islamic thought and interpretation.

Criticism:

- Some critics argue that the tafsir includes weak or fabricated narrations, as al-Tabari did not always rigorously filter the authenticity of the reports he cited.

- The sheer volume of the work can make it challenging for casual readers, as it is highly detailed and scholarly.

Legacy:

Tafsir al-Tabari is still widely studied in Islamic seminaries and universities. Modern editions often include critical annotations to address concerns about weak narrations and to provide additional context.

"تفسير القرآن العظيم"

Tafsir Ibn Kathir, also known as "Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim," is one of the most renowned and widely respected commentaries on the Quran. It was written by the Islamic scholar Imam Ismail ibn Kathir (1301–1373 CE), who was a student of the famous scholar Ibn Taymiyyah. This tafsir is highly regarded for its detailed explanation of the Quranic verses, relying on the Quran itself, the Hadith (sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad), and the interpretations of the early generations of Muslims (the Sahaba, Tabi'in, and Tabi' al-Tabi'in).

Key Features of Tafsir Ibn Kathir:

1. Quranic Context : Ibn Kathir often explains verses by referencing other parts of the Quran, as the Quran is considered the best explanation of itself.

2. Hadith-Based : He extensively uses authentic Hadith to explain the meanings of verses, ensuring a strong connection to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad.

3. Historical Context : The tafsir provides historical background for many verses, helping readers understand the circumstances of revelation (Asbab al-Nuzul).

4. Linguistic Analysis : Ibn Kathir delves into the Arabic language, explaining the meanings of words and phrases in the Quran.

5. Rejection of Unreliable Sources : He avoids using weak or fabricated narrations, focusing on authentic sources.

6. Simplified Interpretation : While detailed, the tafsir is written in a way that is accessible to both scholars and ordinary readers.

Structure:

- The tafsir follows the order of the Quran, starting from Surah Al-Fatihah and ending with Surah An-Nas.

- Each verse or set of verses is explained in detail, with references to Hadith, the opinions of the Sahaba, and linguistic insights.

Importance:

Tafsir Ibn Kathir is considered one of the most reliable and comprehensive tafsirs available. It is widely used by students, scholars, and general readers to gain a deeper understanding of the Quran. Its emphasis on authentic sources and its clear methodology make it a cornerstone in the field of Quranic exegesis.

"تفسير القرطبي - الجامع لأحكام القرآن"

The Tafsir al-Qurtubi, also known as "Al-Jami' li-Ahkam al-Qur'an" (The Comprehensive Guide to the Rules of the Qur'an), is one of the most renowned classical commentaries on the Quran. It was written by the Andalusian scholar Imam Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Ansari al-Qurtubi (d. 671 AH/1273 CE). This tafsir is highly regarded for its focus on the legal rulings (Ahkam) derived from the Quran, as well as its comprehensive approach to explaining the meanings, context, and interpretations of the Quranic verses.

Key Features of Tafsir al-Qurtubi:

1. Focus on Legal Rulings (Ahkam):

- Al-Qurtubi emphasizes the jurisprudential aspects of the Quran, making it a valuable resource for understanding Islamic law (Sharia) as derived from the Quran.

- He often discusses the opinions of different schools of thought (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali) on legal matters.

2. Comprehensive Approach:

- The tafsir covers linguistic, grammatical, and rhetorical aspects of the Quran.

- It includes historical context (Asbab al-nuzul) and explanations of difficult words and phrases.

3. Refutation of Misinterpretations:

- Al-Qurtubi addresses and refutes incorrect interpretations of the Quran, particularly those of sects like the Mu'tazila and others.

4. Spiritual and Ethical Lessons:

- Alongside legal rulings, the tafsir also highlights the moral and spiritual lessons of the Quranic verses.

5. Use of Hadith and Scholarly Opinions:

- Al-Qurtubi relies heavily on authentic Hadiths and the opinions of early scholars (Salaf) to support his interpretations.

6. Balanced and Moderate Approach:

- The tafsir is known for its balanced and moderate approach, avoiding extremism in interpretation.

Structure of the Tafsir:

- The tafsir is organized according to the order of the Quranic chapters (surahs) and verses.

- For each verse, Al-Qurtubi provides:

- Linguistic analysis.

- Context of revelation (if applicable).

- Legal rulings and jurisprudential discussions.

- Differences of opinion among scholars.

- Moral and spiritual lessons.

Importance of Tafsir al-Qurtubi:

- It is considered one of the most authoritative and comprehensive tafsirs, especially for those interested in Islamic jurisprudence.

- It is widely studied in Islamic seminaries and universities.

- Scholars and students of the Quran often refer to it for its depth and breadth of knowledge.

Example of Al-Qurtubi's Approach:

In his commentary on Surah Al-Baqarah (2:286), Al-Qurtubi discusses the concept of divine decree (Qadar) and human responsibility, refuting the views of the Mu'tazila and others. He also explains the legal implications of the verse and its ethical teachings.

Availability:

Tafsir al-Qurtubi is available in Arabic and has been translated into several languages, including English. It is widely accessible in print and digital formats.

الكشاف عن حقائق التنزيل وعيون الأقاويل في وجوه التأويل

"Tafsir al-Kashshaf," a well-known classical commentary on the Quran. The full title of this work is "Al-Kashshaf 'an Haqa'iq at-Tanzil wa 'Uyun al-Aqawil fi Wujuh at-Ta'wil" (الكشاف عن حقائق التنزيل وعيون الأقاويل في وجوه التأويل), written by Abu al-Qasim Mahmud ibn Umar al-Zamakhshari (1075–1144 CE), a prominent Islamic scholar and linguist.

Key Features of Tafsir al-Kashshaf:

1. Linguistic Excellence : Al-Zamakhshari was a master of Arabic language and rhetoric, and his tafsir is renowned for its deep linguistic analysis of the Quranic text. He often explains the nuances of Quranic vocabulary, grammar, and eloquence.

2. Mu'tazilite Influence : Al-Zamakhshari was associated with the Mu'tazilite school of thought, which emphasized rationalism and the use of reason in understanding Islamic theology. This influence is evident in his interpretations, particularly regarding issues like divine justice and free will.

3. Focus on Rhetoric and Style : The tafsir highlights the literary and rhetorical beauty of the Quran, often pointing out the unique stylistic features that make the Quran inimitable (I'jaz al-Quran).

4. Controversial Aspects : Due to its Mu'tazilite leanings, some of the theological interpretations in Al-Kashshaf have been criticized by scholars from other schools of thought, particularly the Ash'ari and traditional Sunni scholars. Despite this, its linguistic insights are widely respected.

5. Legacy: Tafsir al-Kashshaf remains a critical reference for Quranic exegesis, especially for those interested in the linguistic and rhetorical dimensions of the Quran. Later scholars, such as Ibn Hajar and Al-Baydawi, have written abridgments or critiques of it.

تفسير الجلالين

Tafsir al-Jalalayn is one of the most famous and widely studied commentaries on the Quran in the Islamic tradition. Its name, "Al-Jalalayn," means "The Two Jalals," referring to its two authors:

1. Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli (1389–1459 CE): He began the tafsir and completed the commentary on Surah Al-Kahf (Chapter 18) to the end of the Quran, as well as Surah Al-Fatiha (Chapter 1). He passed away before completing the rest of the Quran.

2. Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti (1445–1505 CE): A renowned Islamic scholar, al-Suyuti completed the remaining parts of the tafsir after Al-Mahalli's death, ensuring the work covered the entire Quran.

Key Features of Tafsir al-Jalalayn:

- Conciseness: The tafsir is known for its brevity and straightforward explanations, making it accessible to students and general readers.

- Linguistic Focus: It often explains the meanings of words and phrases in the Quran, making it a valuable resource for understanding the Arabic language of the Quran.

- Traditional Interpretation: The tafsir relies on classical sources, including Hadith, Arabic grammar, and earlier tafsir works.

- Popularity: It is widely used in Islamic educational institutions and is considered a foundational text for Quranic studies.

Structure:

The tafsir follows the order of the Quran, providing explanations for each verse. It addresses grammatical nuances, legal rulings, and theological points, often in a concise manner.

Legacy:

Tafsir al-Jalalayn remains a cornerstone of Quranic exegesis and is often studied alongside other classical tafsirs like those of Ibn Kathir, al-Tabari, and al-Qurtubi. Its accessibility and clarity have made it a favorite among students and scholars alike.

"أنوار التنزيل وأسرار التأويل"

Tafsir al-Baydawi, also known as "Anwar al-Tanzil wa Asrar al-Ta'wil" (The Lights of Revelation and the Secrets of Interpretation), is a classical Sunni commentary (tafsir) on the Quran, written by the 13th-century Islamic scholar Nasir al-Din al-Baydawi (d. 1286 CE). It is one of the most widely studied and respected tafsirs in the Islamic tradition, particularly in the fields of theology, jurisprudence, and linguistics.

Key Features of Tafsir al-Baydawi:

1. Conciseness and Clarity : Al-Baydawi's tafsir is known for its brevity and precision. It summarizes the key points of earlier tafsirs, such as those by al-Zamakhshari (especially his Al-Kashshaf), while avoiding excessive detail.

2. Theological Perspective : Al-Baydawi was an Ash'ari theologian, and his tafsir reflects Ash'ari theological principles. However, he often critiques Mu'tazili views, particularly those found in Al-Zamakhshari's Al-Kashshaf.

3. Linguistic Analysis : The tafsir includes detailed grammatical and linguistic explanations of Quranic verses, making it a valuable resource for understanding the Quran's eloquence (balagha) and structure.

4. Legal and Jurisprudential Insights : Al-Baydawi provides insights into the legal rulings (Ahkam) derived from Quranic verses, often referencing the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence, to which he belonged.

5. Philosophical and Mystical Elements : While primarily focused on theology and linguistics, the tafsir occasionally incorporates philosophical and Sufi interpretations, reflecting the intellectual trends of his time.

Influence and Legacy:

- Widespread Use: Tafsir al-Baydawi has been widely used in Islamic seminaries (madrasas) and is often studied alongside other major tafsirs like al-Tabari's Jami' al-Bayan and al-Razi's Mafatih al-Ghayb.

- Commentaries and Supercommentaries: Many later scholars wrote commentaries (hashiyat) on al-Baydawi's tafsir, further expanding its influence. Notable examples include the works of Al-Sharif Al-Jurjani and Al-Suyuti.

- Translations and Adaptations: The tafsir has been translated into several languages and remains a key reference for Quranic studies.

Criticism:

While highly regarded, Tafsir al-Baydawi has been criticized for its heavy reliance on Al-Zamakhshari's Al-Kashshaf, which contains Mu'tazili theological views. Some scholars argue that al-Baydawi's attempts to refute these views are not always thorough.

Conclusion:

Tafsir al-Baydawi is a cornerstone of classical Quranic exegesis, offering a balanced blend of linguistic, theological, and jurisprudential insights. Its concise style and comprehensive approach have ensured its enduring relevance in Islamic scholarship.

تفسير الفخر الرازي (التفسير الكبير أو مفاتيح الغيب)

Tafsir al-Razi, also known as Mafatih al-Ghayb (مفاتيح الغيب), is one of the most renowned and comprehensive works of Quranic exegesis (tafsir) in Islamic scholarship. It was authored by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (1149–1209 CE), a prominent Persian Islamic theologian, philosopher, and polymath. The tafsir is highly regarded for its depth, intellectual rigor, and incorporation of various disciplines, including theology, philosophy, linguistics, and jurisprudence.

Key Features of Tafsir al-Razi:

1. Rational and Philosophical Approach:

- Al-Razi was deeply influenced by rationalist theology (kalam) and philosophy, particularly the works of earlier Muslim philosophers like Avicenna (Ibn Sina). His tafsir often engages with philosophical and theological questions, addressing issues such as the nature of God, free will, and the purpose of creation.

- He frequently critiques the views of Mu'tazilite theologians and other schools of thought, defending Ash'ari theology.

2. Linguistic and Grammatical Analysis:

- Al-Razi pays close attention to the linguistic and grammatical aspects of the Quran, analyzing the meanings of words, sentence structures, and rhetorical devices (balagha).

3. Comprehensive Coverage:

- The tafsir covers the entire Quran, providing detailed explanations of verses, often exploring multiple interpretations and their implications.

- Al-Razi frequently discusses the context of revelation (Asbab al-nuzul) and the opinions of earlier scholars, including companions of the Prophet Muhammad (sahaba) and their successors (tabi'un).

4. Interdisciplinary Approach:

- Al-Razi integrates insights from various fields, including theology, jurisprudence (fiqh), philosophy, and science, making his tafsir a rich resource for scholars of different disciplines.

5. Critical Engagement:

- He critically examines the interpretations of earlier exegetes, such as Al-Tabari, and often presents his own unique insights. His work is characterized by a spirit of inquiry and intellectual independence.

6. Theological and Philosophical Debates:

- Al-Razi's tafsir is notable for its engagement with complex theological and philosophical issues, such as the nature of divine attributes, predestination, and the problem of evil.

Structure of the Tafsir:

- The tafsir is organized according to the order of the Quranic chapters (surahs) and verses (Ayaat).

- For each verse, al-Razi provides a detailed explanation, often beginning with linguistic analysis, followed by theological and philosophical discussions, and concluding with practical or moral lessons.

Influence and Legacy:

- Tafsir al-Razi has had a profound impact on Islamic scholarship and remains a key reference for students and scholars of Quranic exegesis.

- While some critics have accused al-Razi of overemphasizing rationalism and philosophy, others praise his work for its intellectual depth and comprehensive approach.

- His tafsir continues to be studied and referenced in both traditional and modern Islamic scholarship.

Notable Quotes from Tafsir Al-Razi:

- On the purpose of the Quran: "The Quran is a book of guidance, addressing both the intellect and the heart, leading humanity to the truth and righteousness."

- On divine wisdom: "Every verse of the Quran contains profound wisdom, and it is the duty of the scholar to uncover these hidden treasures."

Criticism:

- Some scholars have criticized Al-Razi for his extensive use of philosophical reasoning, arguing that it sometimes leads to interpretations that deviate from the traditional understanding of the Quran.

- Others have noted that his tafsir can be overly verbose and complex, making it challenging for the average reader.

In summary, Tafsir al-Razi is a monumental work that reflects the intellectual richness of Islamic scholarship during the medieval period. It remains a valuable resource for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the Quran, particularly from a rational and philosophical perspective.

روح المعاني في تفسير القرآن العظيم والسبع المثاني - الآلوسي

Tafsir al-Alusi, also known as "Ruh al-Ma'ani fi Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Azim wa al-Sab' al-Mathani," is a renowned exegesis (Tafsir) of the Quran written by the Islamic scholar Mahmud al-Alusi (1802–1854). He was a prominent Iraqi scholar of the 19th century, known for his deep knowledge of Islamic theology, jurisprudence, and Quranic interpretation.

Key Features of Tafsir al-Alusi:

1. Comprehensive Approach : Al-Alusi's tafsir is known for its thoroughness, combining linguistic analysis, theological insights, and jurisprudential discussions. It draws from a wide range of sources, including earlier tafsirs, hadith literature, and Arabic poetry.

2. Linguistic Analysis : Al-Alusi pays close attention to the linguistic and grammatical aspects of the Quran, providing detailed explanations of words, phrases, and sentence structures.

3. Theological and Philosophical Insights : The tafsir includes discussions on theological issues, such as the nature of God, predestination, and free will, often engaging with various schools of thought within Islam.

4. Historical Context : Al-Alusi provides historical context for many verses, explaining the circumstances of revelation (Asbab Al-Nuzul) and their relevance to the early Muslim community.

5. Comparative Analysis : He often compares different interpretations of verses, presenting the views of earlier scholars and offering his own critical analysis.

6. Spiritual and Ethical Lessons : The tafsir emphasizes the moral and spiritual lessons of the Quran, encouraging readers to reflect on the deeper meanings of the text.

Structure:

The tafsir is organized in the traditional manner, following the order of the Quranic chapters (surahs) and verses (Ayahs). Each section begins with the verse in question, followed by a detailed explanation that includes linguistic, theological, and jurisprudential insights.

Influence and Legacy:

Tafsir al-Alusi is considered one of the most important works of Quranic exegesis in the Sunni tradition. It is widely respected for its depth and breadth, and it continues to be studied by scholars and students of Islam around the world.

Criticism:

While highly regarded, some critics have noted that the tafsir can be overly verbose and complex, making it challenging for casual readers. Additionally, Al-Alusi's engagement with philosophical and theological issues has sometimes been a point of contention among more conservative scholars.

Overall, Tafsir al-Alusi remains a significant and influential work in the field of Quranic studies, offering a rich and multifaceted understanding of the Quranic text.

تفسير في ظلال القرآن

Tafsir Fi Zilal al-Qur'an (تفسير في ظلال القرآن), often referred to as In the Shade of the Qur'an, is a renowned and influential exegesis (tafsir) of the Quran written by Sayyid Qutb (1906–1966), an Egyptian Islamic scholar, poet, and prominent member of the Muslim Brotherhood. This tafsir is widely regarded as one of the most significant modern interpretations of the Quran, blending literary elegance, deep spiritual insight, and socio-political commentary.

**Key Features of Fi Zilal al-Qur'an:**

1. Literary Style: Sayyid Qutb's background as a literary critic and writer is evident in the tafsir. His prose is poetic and reflective, making the Quranic text accessible and emotionally resonant.

2. Thematic Approach: Unlike traditional verse-by-verse tafsir, Qutb often takes a thematic approach, focusing on the overarching messages and principles of the Quran. He emphasizes the Quran's guidance for personal and societal transformation.

3. Spiritual and Moral Insights: Qutb delves deeply into the spiritual and ethical dimensions of the Quran, encouraging readers to reflect on their relationship with Allah and their moral responsibilities.

4. Socio-Political Commentary: Written during a period of political turmoil in Egypt, Fi Zilal al-Qur'an reflects Qutb's critique of secularism, materialism, and Western influence. He calls for the establishment of a truly Islamic society based on Quranic principles.

5. Accessibility: While deeply scholarly, the tafsir is written in a way that is accessible to both scholars and lay readers. It avoids excessive technical jargon, making it popular among a wide audience.

Background and Context:

- Sayyid Qutb began writing Fi Zilal al-Qur'an in the 1950s, during his imprisonment under the Egyptian government. The work was completed in stages, with some volumes written while he was in prison.

- Qutb's experiences with oppression and his vision for an Islamic revival heavily influenced his interpretation of the Quran.

- The tafsir reflects his belief in the Quran as a comprehensive guide for life, addressing both individual spirituality and collective societal reform.

Influence and Legacy:

- Fi Zilal al-Qur'an has had a profound impact on Islamic thought, particularly among Islamist movements. It is widely studied and respected for its intellectual depth and passionate advocacy of Islamic values.

- The tafsir has been translated into multiple languages, making it accessible to a global audience.

- Qutb's ideas, as expressed in this work, have been both celebrated and controversial. His critique of secular governments and call for Islamic governance have influenced various Islamic movements worldwide.

Criticism:

- Some critics argue that Qutb's interpretation is overly influenced by his political context and may not always align with traditional scholarly approaches to tafsir.

- His emphasis on jihad and the establishment of an Islamic state has been a point of contention, with some accusing him of promoting radicalism.

Conclusion:

Fi Zilal al-Qur'an remains a landmark work in modern Islamic literature. It is not just a tafsir but also a call to action, urging Muslims to live by the Quran's teachings and strive for a just and equitable society. Its blend of spirituality, literary beauty, and socio-political commentary ensures its enduring relevance.

التفسير المنير في العقيدة والشريعة والمنهج

"Tafseer Muneer" (تفسير منير) is a well-known exegesis (tafsir) of the Quran, authored by Dr. Wahbah al-Zuhayli, a prominent Syrian Islamic scholar. The full title of the work is "Al-Tafsir al-Muneer fi al-Aqidah wa al-Shariah wa al-Minhaj" (التفسير المنير في العقيدة والشريعة والمنهج). It is a comprehensive and modern tafsir that combines traditional Islamic scholarship with contemporary issues and insights.

Key Features of Tafseer Muneer:

1. Comprehensive Approach: It covers the Quranic text with a focus on three main areas:

- Aqidah (Islamic creed and theology)

- Shariah (Islamic law and jurisprudence)

- Minhaj (methodology and practical application)

2. Modern Relevance: Dr. Wahbah al-Zuhayli addresses contemporary issues and challenges faced by Muslims, making the tafsir relevant to modern readers.

3. Clear Language: The tafsir is written in a clear and accessible style, making it suitable for both scholars and general readers.

4. Integration of Sciences: It incorporates insights from various Islamic sciences, such as fiqh (jurisprudence), usul al-fiqh (principles of jurisprudence), and hadith (prophetic traditions).

5. Balanced Perspective: The author maintains a balanced approach, avoiding extreme interpretations and adhering to mainstream Sunni Islamic thought.

About the Author:

Dr. Wahbah al-Zuhayli (1932–2015) was a renowned Islamic scholar, jurist, and author. He was a professor of Islamic law and jurisprudence at the University of Damascus and authored numerous works on Islamic law, tafsir, and theology. His works are widely respected in the Islamic world for their depth and clarity.

Significance:

"Tafseer Muneer" is highly regarded for its ability to bridge traditional Islamic scholarship with the needs of modern Muslims. It is often used as a reference for understanding the Quran in light of contemporary issues and challenges.

Safwat Al-Tafasir(صفوة التفاسير)
Book by Muḥammad ʻAlī aṣ-Ṣābūnī

"Safwah al-Tafasir" (صفوة التفاسير) is a well-known and widely respected tafsir (exegesis) of the Quran, authored by Muhammad Ali al-Sabuni, a renowned Islamic scholar. This tafsir is appreciated for its clarity, simplicity, and comprehensive approach to explaining the Quranic text. It is particularly popular among students, scholars, and general readers due to its accessible language and focus on the essential meanings of the Quran.

Key Features of Safwah al-Tafasir:

1. Simplified Language: Al-Sabuni avoids overly complex linguistic or theological discussions, making it accessible to a broad audience.

2. Focus on Key Themes: The tafsir emphasizes the main themes and messages of the Quran, such as monotheism (Tawhid), guidance, and moral lessons.

3. Integration of Classical Sources: Al-Sabuni draws from classical tafsir works, such as Ibn Kathir, Al-Tabari, and Al-Qurtubi, while presenting the material in a concise manner.

4. Avoidance of Excessive Detail: Unlike some detailed tafsirs, Safwah al-Tafasir avoids lengthy discussions on linguistic nuances or jurisprudential debates, focusing instead on the core meanings.

5. Practical Lessons: The tafsir often highlights practical lessons and moral guidance from the Quranic verses, making it relevant for daily life.

Structure:

- The tafsir follows the traditional order of the Quranic surahs (chapters) and ayahs (verses).

- Each section provides a brief introduction to the surah, including its main themes and context of revelation (if applicable).

- The explanation of each verse is concise, focusing on its meaning, context, and practical implications.

Why It Is Popular:

- Accessibility: It is suitable for both beginners and advanced readers of the Quran.

- Balanced Approach: It combines traditional scholarship with a modern, easy-to-understand style.

- Educational Value: It is often used in Islamic schools and universities as a primary tafsir resource.

تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير كلام المنان - الشيخ السعدي

Tafsir al-Sa'di (تفسير السعدي), also known as Taysir al-Karim al-Rahman fi Tafsir Kalam al-Mannan, is a well-known and widely respected Quranic exegesis (tafsir) written by the renowned Islamic scholar Abd al-Rahman ibn Nasir al-Sa'di (1889–1956). This tafsir is celebrated for its simplicity, clarity, and accessibility, making it a popular choice for both scholars and lay readers.

Key Features of Tafsir al-Sa'di:

1. Simplicity and Clarity: Al-Sa'di's tafsir is written in straightforward language, avoiding complex theological jargon. This makes it accessible to a wide audience, including those without advanced knowledge of Islamic sciences.

2. Focus on Practical Guidance: The tafsir emphasizes the practical lessons and moral guidance derived from the Quran, encouraging readers to apply its teachings in their daily lives.

3. Conciseness: Al-Sa'di's commentary is concise and to the point, avoiding lengthy digressions. This makes it easy to read and understand.

4. Reliance on Authentic Sources: Al-Sa'di relied on the Quran itself, the Sunnah (traditions of the Prophet Muhammad), and the interpretations of the early generations of Muslims (Salaf).

5. Avoidance of Excessive Speculation: Al-Sa'di avoided delving into unnecessary details or speculative interpretations, focusing instead on the clear meanings of the Quranic text.

6. Emphasis on Tawhid (Monotheism): A central theme in al-Sa'di's tafsir is the importance of Tawhid (the Oneness of Allah) and the rejection of shirk (associating partners with Allah).

Structure of the Tafsir:

- The tafsir follows the traditional structure of Quranic exegesis, providing explanations for each verse or group of verses in sequential order.

- Al-Sa'di often begins by explaining the general meaning of the verse, followed by its implications and lessons.

Popularity and Influence:

- Tafsir al-Sa'di is widely used in Islamic educational institutions and is recommended for students of Quranic studies.

- It has been translated into multiple languages, making it accessible to non-Arabic speakers.

- Many contemporary scholars and teachers of the Quran recommend this tafsir for its balanced approach and ease of understanding.

About the Author:

Abd al-Rahman ibn Nasir al-Sa'di was a prominent Islamic scholar from the Arabian Peninsula. He was known for his deep knowledge of the Quran, Hadith, and Islamic jurisprudence. In addition to his tafsir, he authored several other works on Islamic theology, ethics, and jurisprudence.

Tafsir al-Sa'di remains a valuable resource for anyone seeking to understand the Quran in a clear and practical manner. Its emphasis on simplicity and practical guidance has made it a timeless work in the field of Quranic exegesis.

"Ma'arif al-Quran" "معارف القرآن".

"Tafsir Mariful Quran" is a well-known and respected exegesis (Tafsir) of the Quran, written by

Mufti Muhammad Shafi, a prominent Islamic scholar from Pakistan. The tafsir is originally written in Urdu and is titled "معارف القرآن" (Ma'arif al-Quran). It is widely regarded for its clarity, depth, and accessibility, making it a popular resource for both scholars and general readers.

Key Features of Tafsir Mariful Quran:

1. Comprehensive Explanation: It provides a detailed explanation of the Quranic verses, covering linguistic, legal, and spiritual aspects.

2. Contextual Understanding: The tafsir includes historical context (Asbab al-Nuzul) and relevant Hadiths to explain the verses.

3. Practical Guidance: It offers practical insights and lessons for daily life, making it applicable to modern times.

4. Scholarly Approach: Mufti Muhammad Shafi combines traditional Islamic scholarship with a contemporary perspective, ensuring the tafsir remains relevant.

5. Accessible Language: Although scholarly, the language is simple and easy to understand, making it suitable for a wide audience.

Structure:

The tafsir is divided into volumes, corresponding to the sections of the Quran. It systematically explains each verse, often breaking down complex concepts into digestible parts.

Translations:

While originally in Urdu, "Mariful Quran" has been translated into several languages, including English, making it accessible to a global audience. The English translation is widely used in English-speaking countries and is available in both print and digital formats.

Why It’s Popular:

- It bridges the gap between traditional tafsir literature and modern readers.

- It is widely used in Islamic schools (madrasas) and by individuals seeking a deeper understanding of the Quran.

- Mufti Muhammad Shafi's reputation as a scholar adds to its credibility.

If you're looking to study this tafsir, you can find it in Islamic bookstores, online platforms, or as part of Quranic study programs.

"Exposition of the Quran" بیان القرآن

"Bayan-ul-Quran" is a well-known Urdu commentary (Tafsir) of the Quran written by the renowned Islamic scholar Ashraf Ali Thanwi (1863–1943). Ashraf Ali Thanwi was a prominent Deobandi scholar, Sufi, and reformer in British India. His works are widely respected in the Islamic world, particularly in South Asia.

**Overview of Bayan-ul-Quran:**

- Language: Urdu

- Author: Ashraf Ali Thanwi

- Style: The commentary is written in a simple and accessible style, making it understandable for the general public. It focuses on explaining the Quranic verses in a practical and spiritual manner.

- Content: The Tafsir covers the entire Quran, providing explanations of the verses, their context, and their relevance to daily life. It also includes insights into the spiritual and ethical teachings of the Quran.

- Purpose: Ashraf Ali Thanwi aimed to make the Quran's teachings accessible to ordinary Muslims, emphasizing practical guidance for living a righteous life.

Key Features:

1. Practical Guidance: The commentary focuses on applying Quranic teachings to everyday life.

2. Spiritual Insights: Ashraf Ali Thanwi, being a Sufi scholar, often includes spiritual and moral lessons derived from the verses.

3. Simplified Language: The Tafsir avoids overly complex language, making it suitable for a wide audience.

4. Relevance to Contemporary Issues: Although written in the early 20th century, the commentary addresses issues that remain relevant to Muslims today.

Legacy:

Ashraf Ali Thanwi's works, including Bayan-ul-Quran, continue to be widely studied and respected in the Islamic world. His emphasis on practical spirituality and ethical living has made his writings enduringly popular.

"تفسير عثمانی" (Tafsīr Uthmanī)

Tafsir Uthmani is a concise and authoritative Urdu exegesis (tafsir) of the Quran, written by a committee of renowned Islamic scholars under the supervision of Shabbir Ahmad Uthmani (a prominent Deobandi scholar). It was commissioned by the Majlis-e-Tafseer-e-Quran in Pakistan and is widely respected for its clarity, brevity, and adherence to classical Sunni scholarship.

Key Features of Tafsir Uthmani:

1. Based on Classical Sources – Relies on authentic tafsirs like Ibn Kathir, Jalalayn, Al-Qurtubi, and Al-Baghawi.

2. Concise & Easy to Understand – Written in simple Urdu, making it accessible to the general public.

3. Aqeedah & Fiqh Emphasis – Follows the

Hanafi school in jurisprudence and

Ash'ari/Maturidi in theology.

4. Rejects Sectarian Extremism – Maintains a balanced approach, avoiding excessive philosophical or mystical interpretations.

5. Focus on Practical Guidance – Highlights moral, legal, and spiritual lessons from the Quran.

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Sunday, March 30, 2025

BOOKS OF EXEGESIS AND THEIR SPECIALITIES

BOOKS OF EXEGESIS AND THEIR SPECIALITIES

**Introduction to a Compilation of Tafseer (Quranic Exegesis) Books and TheirSpecializations**

"جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن"

Key Features of Tafsir al-Tabari:

1. **Comprehensive Coverage** : Al-Tabari's tafsir is renowned for its exhaustive analysis of the Quranic text. It covers linguistic, historical, legal, and theological aspects of the Quran.

3. **Linguistic Analysis** : The tafsir includes detailed discussions of Arabic grammar, syntax, and etymology, helping readers understand the nuances of the Quranic language.

4. **Historical Context** : Al-Tabari provided historical context for many verses, explaining the circumstances of revelation (Asbab al-nuzul) and linking Quranic stories to broader historical events.

5. **Comparative Analysis** : He often presented differing opinions from early scholars and evaluated their arguments, making his work a valuable resource for understanding the diversity of early Islamic thought.

6. **Legal and Theological Insights** : Al-Tabari included discussions on Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and theology (aqidah), offering insights into how Quranic verses were interpreted in these fields.

Structure of the Tafsir:

- The tafsir is organized verse by verse, with al-Tabari providing explanations for each verse in sequence.

- He often begins with the literal meaning of the verse, followed by interpretations from early scholars, and concludes with his own analysis or preference among the opinions.

Importance and Influence:

- Tafsir al-Tabari is considered a foundational work in the field of Quranic exegesis. It has influenced countless later scholars and remains a primary reference for understanding the Quran.

- Its reliance on early sources makes it a critical text for studying the development of Islamic thought and interpretation.

Criticism:

- Some critics argue that the tafsir includes weak or fabricated narrations, as al-Tabari did not always rigorously filter the authenticity of the reports he cited.

- The sheer volume of the work can make it challenging for casual readers, as it is highly detailed and scholarly.

Legacy:

Tafsir al-Tabari is still widely studied in Islamic seminaries and universities. Modern editions often include critical annotations to address concerns about weak narrations and to provide additional context.

"تفسير القرآن العظيم"

Key Features of Tafsir Ibn Kathir:

1. **Quranic Context** : Ibn Kathir often explains verses by referencing other parts of the Quran, as the Quran is considered the best explanation of itself.

2. **Hadith-Based** : He extensively uses authentic Hadith to explain the meanings of verses, ensuring a strong connection to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad.

3. **Historical Context** : The tafsir provides historical background for many verses, helping readers understand the circumstances of revelation (Asbab al-Nuzul).

4. **Linguistic Analysis** : Ibn Kathir delves into the Arabic language, explaining the meanings of words and phrases in the Quran.

5. **Rejection of Unreliable Sources** : He avoids using weak or fabricated narrations, focusing on authentic sources.

6. **Simplified Interpretation** : While detailed, the tafsir is written in a way that is accessible to both scholars and ordinary readers.

Structure:

- The tafsir follows the order of the Quran, starting from Surah Al-Fatihah and ending with Surah An-Nas.

- Each verse or set of verses is explained in detail, with references to Hadith, the opinions of the Sahaba, and linguistic insights.

Importance:

"تفسير القرطبي - الجامع لأحكام القرآن"

Key Features of Tafsir al-Qurtubi:

1. **Focus on Legal Rulings (Ahkam)**:

- Al-Qurtubi emphasizes the jurisprudential aspects of the Quran, making it a valuable resource for understanding Islamic law (Sharia) as derived from the Quran.

- He often discusses the opinions of different schools of thought (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali) on legal matters.

2. **Comprehensive Approach**:

- The tafsir covers linguistic, grammatical, and rhetorical aspects of the Quran.

- It includes historical context (Asbab al-nuzul) and explanations of difficult words and phrases.

3. **Refutation of Misinterpretations**:

- Al-Qurtubi addresses and refutes incorrect interpretations of the Quran, particularly those of sects like the Mu'tazila and others.

4. **Spiritual and Ethical Lessons**:

- Alongside legal rulings, the tafsir also highlights the moral and spiritual lessons of the Quranic verses.

5. **Use of Hadith and Scholarly Opinions**:

- Al-Qurtubi relies heavily on authentic Hadiths and the opinions of early scholars (Salaf) to support his interpretations.

6. **Balanced and Moderate Approach**:

- The tafsir is known for its balanced and moderate approach, avoiding extremism in interpretation.

Structure of the Tafsir:

- The tafsir is organized according to the order of the Quranic chapters (surahs) and verses.

- For each verse, Al-Qurtubi provides:

- Linguistic analysis.

- Context of revelation (if applicable).

- Legal rulings and jurisprudential discussions.

- Differences of opinion among scholars.

- Moral and spiritual lessons.

Importance of Tafsir al-Qurtubi:

- It is considered one of the most authoritative and comprehensive tafsirs, especially for those interested in Islamic jurisprudence.

- It is widely studied in Islamic seminaries and universities.

- Scholars and students of the Quran often refer to it for its depth and breadth of knowledge.

Example of Al-Qurtubi's Approach:

In his commentary on **Surah Al-Baqarah (2:286)**, Al-Qurtubi discusses the concept of divine decree (Qadar) and human responsibility, refuting the views of the Mu'tazila and others. He also explains the legal implications of the verse and its ethical teachings.

Introduction to a Compilation of Tafseer (Quranic Exegesis) Books and Their
Specializations

1. Comprehensive Coverage : Al-Tabari's tafsir is renowned for its exhaustive analysis of the Quranic text. It covers linguistic, historical, legal, and theological aspects of the Quran.

3. Linguistic Analysis : The tafsir includes detailed discussions of Arabic grammar, syntax, and etymology, helping readers understand the nuances of the Quranic language.

4. Historical Context : Al-Tabari provided historical context for many verses, explaining the circumstances of revelation (Asbab al-nuzul) and linking Quranic stories to broader historical events.

5. Comparative Analysis : He often presented differing opinions from early scholars and evaluated their arguments, making his work a valuable resource for understanding the diversity of early Islamic thought.

6. Legal and Theological Insights : Al-Tabari included discussions on Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and theology (aqidah), offering insights into how Quranic verses were interpreted in these fields.

1. Quranic Context : Ibn Kathir often explains verses by referencing other parts of the Quran, as the Quran is considered the best explanation of itself.

2. Hadith-Based : He extensively uses authentic Hadith to explain the meanings of verses, ensuring a strong connection to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad.

3. Historical Context : The tafsir provides historical background for many verses, helping readers understand the circumstances of revelation (Asbab al-Nuzul).

4. Linguistic Analysis : Ibn Kathir delves into the Arabic language, explaining the meanings of words and phrases in the Quran.

5. Rejection of Unreliable Sources : He avoids using weak or fabricated narrations, focusing on authentic sources.

6. Simplified Interpretation : While detailed, the tafsir is written in a way that is accessible to both scholars and ordinary readers.

1. Focus on Legal Rulings (Ahkam):

2. Comprehensive Approach:

3. Refutation of Misinterpretations:

4. Spiritual and Ethical Lessons:

5. Use of Hadith and Scholarly Opinions:

6. Balanced and Moderate Approach:

In his commentary on Surah Al-Baqarah (2:286), Al-Qurtubi discusses the concept of divine decree (Qadar) and human responsibility, refuting the views of the Mu'tazila and others. He also explains the legal implications of the verse and its ethical teachings.